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Opinion | From Story of Yanxi Palace to Three Body, China’s TV exports could do what Wolf Warrior diplomacy hasn’t

  • Although China’s leaders have attached great importance to the role of culture in national rejuvenation, the country lags far behind the US in cultural influence
  • A new crop of TV series, and to a lesser extent film productions, ranging from historical dramas to sci-fi, might help change that

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A still from Story of Yanxi Palace, the most googled show globally in 2018. Photo: iQiyi
According to Australian think tank Lowy Institute’s 2023 Asia Power Index, China lags far behind the United States in cultural influence, measured in terms of cultural exports and the regional appeal of its media outlets, among other metrics. China scored 47.4, the US 80.9.
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This underwhelming result comes despite the fact that Beijing has, since the Hu Jintao administration, accorded great importance to the role of culture in China’s national rejuvenation.

More recently, in President Xi Jinping’s report to the 20th Communist Party Congress, the words “culture” and “cultural” appeared 69 times. In that report, Xi also specified that one of the country’s “main objectives and tasks” for the next five years is to enhance “the appeal of Chinese culture” and “further increase China’s international standing”.

Last July, the Chinese Ministry of Commerce and 27 other government departments jointly released a policy road map on establishing China as a global cultural power. Against this backdrop, how does China draw on its past and present to tell its story well? A look at emerging Chinese television and film genres offers some answers.

According to the Global Times, official data showed a 118 per cent year-on-year increase in the export value of Chinese television series in 2021, and that China had exported 714 television dramas with a total value of US$56.83 million that year.

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A notable phenomenon is the rise of xianxia (translated literally as “immortal heroes”) television dramas. This genre, which draws heavily on Chinese mythology and early Chinese literature, has gained popularity both at home and abroad.

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